基于粒子群优化和支持向量机的花粉浓度预测模型

为了提高花粉浓度预报的准确率，解决现有花粉浓度预报准确率不高的问题，提出了一种基于粒子群优化（PSO）算法和支持向量机（SVM）的花粉浓度预报模型。首先，综合考虑气温、气温日较差、相对湿度、降水量、风力、日照时数等多种气象要素，选择与花粉浓度相关性较强的气象要素构成特征向量；其次，利用特征向量与花粉浓度数据建立SVM预测模型，并使用PSO算法找出最优参数；然后利用最优参数优化花粉浓度预测模型；最后，使用优化后的模型对花粉未来24 h浓度进行预测，并与未优化的SVM、多元线性回归法（MLR）、反向神经网络（BPNN）作对比。此外使用优化后的模型对某市南郊观象台和密云两个站点进行逐日花粉浓度预测。实验结果表明，相比其他预报方法，所提方法能有效提高花粉浓度未来24 h预测精度，并具有较高的泛化能力。     

PSO优化多核RVM的模拟电路故障预测

针对模拟电路健康管理的特点，提出了一种基于PSO优化多核RVM的模拟电路故障预测方法。利用参数分析得到电路的输出频域响应作为特征，计算其与电路无故障标准响应的欧氏距离来表征电路元件健康值，将多个核函数线性组合，并用PSO优化多核RVM参数后的模型实现对各个时间点元件的健康值变化轨迹进行预测。仿真结果表明，该方法在小样本情况下，预测效果优于单一核函数的RVM模型，适用于健康管理中实时预测，具有较好的实用性。     

结合优化支持向量机与K-means++的工控系统入侵检测方法

针对工业控制系统传统单一检测算法模型对不同攻击类型检测率和检测速度不佳的问题，提出一种优化支持向量机和K-means++算法结合的入侵检测模型。首先利用主成分分析法（PCA）对原始数据集进行预处理，消除其相关性；其次在粒子群优化（PSO）算法的基础上加入自适应变异过程避免在训练的过程中陷入局部最优解；然后利用自适应变异粒子群优化（AMPSO）算法优化支持向量机的核函数和惩罚参数；最后利用密度中心法改进K-means算法与优化后的支持向量机组合成入侵检测模型，从而实现工业控制系统的异常检测。实验结果表明，所提方法在检测速度和对各类攻击的检测率上得到明显提升。     

Experimental optimization of power-function-shaped drive pulse for stick-slip piezo actuators

Motion of a stick-slip piezo actuator is generally controlled by the parameters related to its mechanical design and characteristics of the driving pulses applied to piezoceramic shear plates. The goal of the proposed optimization method is to find the driving pulse parameters leading to the fastest and the most reliable actuator operation. In the paper the method is tested on a rotary stick-slip piezo actuating system utilized in an atomic force microscope.The optimization is based on the measurement of the actuator response to driving pulses of different shapes and repetition frequencies at various load forces. To provide it, a computer controlled testing system generating the driving pulses, and detecting and recording the corresponding angular motion response of the actuator by a position sensitive photo detector (PSPD) in real time has been developed. To better understand and interpret the experimental results, supportive methods based on a simple analytical model and numerical simulations were used as well.In this way the shapes of the single driving pulses and values of the load force providing the biggest actuator steps were determined. Generally, the maximal steps were achieved for such a combination of the pulse shapes and load forces providing high velocities at the end of the sticking mode of the actuator motion and, at the same time, lower decelerations during the slipping mode.As for the multiple driving pulses, the pulse shapes and values of repetition frequency ensuring the sticking mode of the actuator motion during the pulse rise time together with the maximum average angular rotor velocity were specified. In this way the effective and stable operation conditions of the actuator were provided.In principle, the presented method can be applied for the testing and optimization of any linear or angular stick-slip actuator.     

一种宽带矢量调制器的设计及其应用

矢量调制器是一种可以同时控制微波信号幅度和相位的器件。本文介绍了一种基于新型微带定向耦合器的宽带矢量调制器。新的耦合器结构克服了传统微带耦合器耦合度低、方向性差的问题,也不需要Lange耦合器复杂的加工工艺,在平衡放大器、移相器和衰减器等场合具有广泛的应用。其次,研究了用串联电感对衰减器中PIN二极管的寄生参数进行补偿的一种简单方法,以改善衰减器衰减量变化时的相位性能。该方法原理简单,可在一定带宽内替代复杂的平衡结构,并给出相近的性能。最后给出了矢量调制器的测试结果和它在自适应天线阵等实际系统中的应用情况,并讨论了用于提高载波和边带抑制、满足高精度要求的校准方法。     

彩色AC-PDP运动图像仿真系统的开发

开发了彩色AC-PDP运动图像仿真系统,通过利用本系统的运动图像仿真功能可以对现有的各种显示技术、与子场有关的各种因素进行仿真及比较,为人们开发提高彩色AC-PDP图像显示质量的新型技术及子场提供了理论上的依据;通过利用本系统的Gamma特性研究功能可以对彩色AC-PDP中视频信号的反Gamma特性进行研究,并对反Gamma相关编码进行子场逼近,为选择符合要求的子场编码提供了判据.     

矢量传感器误差校正与补偿

当阵列模型存在误差时，子空间类方法的高分辨性能会显著下降，因此必须进行有效的校正。由于矢量天线本身的复杂性，其相位误差很难精确校准且原有的基于标量天线相位误差的估计方法已经不再适应于矢量天线。该文在到达角已知情况下，给出了一种估计矢量天线阵列相位误差的新方法，并导出了各通道相位误差的计算公式。最后的数值模拟结果说明了本文方法是简单有效的。     

A 3-D motion tracing system in High School Physics teaching

Abstract This article presents a study of a large scale incorporation of one data acquisitionsystem into physics teaching in Israel. By 1994 about 30% of the schools throughout the country used the V-scope, a 3-D multibody motion tracing system, in their lab programme. The views and reactions of post-training teachers, experienced teachers and students on various aspects of using the system are described, analysed and compared.     

Motion and structure interpretation of an optical switch

This paper focuses on tracking, reconstruction and motion estimation of a well-defined MEMS optical switch from a microscopic view. For out-of-view reconstruction, a homography capable of transforming feature points and feature lines between a microscopic image and a CAD model of the switch is implemented. The homography between two sequential microscopic images is decomposed and factorized for motion estimation. Optical flow has also been explored to provide rough estimations of rotation centre and angle. The paper also illustrates motion parameter optimization principles to deal with uncertainty inherent in micro world. After non-linear optimization, estimation accuracy for rotation angle and rotation centre can reach 0.06° and pixel level, respectively.     

Hardware system of the Earth Simulator

The Earth Simulator (ES), developed under the Japanese government’s initiative “Earth Simulator project”, is a highly parallel vector supercomputer system. In this paper, an overview of ES, its architectural features, hardware technology and the result of performance evaluation are described.

In May 2002, the ES was acknowledged to be the most powerful computer in the world: 35.86 teraflop/s for the LINPACK HPC benchmark and 26.58 teraflop/s for an atmospheric general circulation code (AFES). Such a remarkable performance may be attributed to the following three architectural features; vector processor, shared-memory and high-bandwidth non-blocking interconnection crossbar network.

The ES consists of 640 processor nodes (PN) and an interconnection network (IN), which are housed in 320 PN cabinets and 65 IN cabinets. The ES is installed in a specially designed building, 65 m long, 50 m wide and 17 m high. In order to accomplish this advanced system, many kinds of hardware technologies have been developed, such as a high-density and high-frequency LSI, a high-frequency signal transmission, a high-density packaging, and a high-efficiency cooling and power supply system with low noise so as to reduce whole volume of the ES and total power consumption.

For highly parallel processing, a special synchronization means connecting all nodes, Global Barrier Counter (GBC), has been introduced.